American Revolution and Study Guide Essay example

Chapter 2 Study Guide Questions â€Å"The Planting of English America† 1. Discuss English treatment of the Irish and its consequence (10pts) 2. What lessons do you think English colonists learned from their early Jamestown experience? Focus on matters of fulfilling expectations, financial support, leadership skills, and relations with the Indians. What specific developments illustrate that the English living in the plantation colonies tried to apply these lessons? (25 pts) 2. Compare and contrast the ways in which tobacco and sugar affected the social and economic development of colonial America (10pts) Chapter 3 Study Guide â€Å"Settling the Northern Colonies† 1. Compare and contrast the motives of the their founders, religious and†¦show more content†¦Enclosure Movement Jamestown Chesapeake No taxation without representation Quebec Act Boston Tea Party Nathaniel Greene Benedict Arnold Chapter 6 Study Guide The Dual in North America 1. Compare and contrast the French colonies, the British colonies, and the Spanish colonies with regards to the following aspects: (36 points) a. b. c. d. Location Economy Political organizations Religious influences 2. Why did the Ohio Valley become the arena of conflict between the French and the British in America? (10points) 3. To what extent did the 7-Years War helped cause the American revolutionary War? (10 Points) 4. Identify and explain the significance of the Proclamation of 1763 (13 points) Vocabulary: Pontiac Marquis de Montcalm 7-Years War Albany Congress Salutary Neglect Benjamin Franklin Proclamation of 1763 Huguenots Edict of Nantes Chapter 7 Study Guide The Road to Revolution 1. Define the terms â€Å"mercantilism and the Navigation Laws,† then explain to what extent these policies led to future rebellion by the English colonies (16points) 2. Why did the Quebec Act (1774)create such a â€Å"stir† in the English colonies of America? (6points) 3. Compare and contrast the advantages andShow MoreRelatedTeaching Philosophy Is Perennialism: An Opinion Essay1020 Words   |  4 PagesA philosophy provides a framework for thinking and guides professional practice, (p. 219). My teaching philosophy is perennialism, and it will help me to address the lack of motivation to learn beyond the boundaries of the rote methods that these students have been trained to work with, due in large part to No Child Left Behind. As a perennialist, I believe in time-honored absolutes when it comes to my instructional methods and approach (p. 219). It is not the fault of these students that theyRead MoreEssay on Two Part of the United States Reconstruction Era590 Words   |  3 Pagesdirecting the issue of reconstruction of state and society (â€Å"Reconstruction Era†). Frederick Jackson Turner argued that the frontier was the chief determinant in American history (â€Å"Frederick Jackson Turner†). 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AIDS (3244 words) Essay Example For Students

AIDS (3244 words) Essay AIDSAdults (over the age of 18) from the company and other people who I know wererandomly assigned to receive the survey. The group includes married males andfemales as well as single male and females. There are 19 female and 31 malesubjects. A survey consisting of twenty statements concerning sexuallytransmitted disease and HIV infection. The survey was designed by myself . Thepurpose of the survey is to measure participants awareness of AIDS and sexuallytransmitted diseases. I am trying to show that people are not well informedabout subjects such as condom use, condom use and alcohol, transmission ofsexual diseases, and the magnitude of the AIDS problem. Subjects are asked tochoose the level with which they agree or disagree with each statement. Thereare two levels of agreement and two levels of disagreement. See appendix A. Aconsent form was signed by all participants. See appendix B. Results t-test*: t(48) = -2.2185, p * .0313 | | | df cv pv Variable N Mean Std Dev. MinimumMaximu m Q1 50 1.420 0 .810 1.00 4.00 Q10 49 1.408 0.810 1.00 4.00 Q15 50 1.320 0.621 1.00 4.00 Q3 48 3.396 0.869 1.00 4.00 Q9 50 3.240 0.822 1.00 4.00 Q6 503.220 0.834 1.00 4.00 Q16 50 3.100 0.621 1.00 4.00 Methods Subjects Adults (overthe age of 18) from the company and other people who I know were randomlyassigned to receive the survey. The group includes married males and females aswell as single male and females. There are 19 female and 21 male subjects. Agesranged from late teens to early fifties, with the majority being in theirtwenties. Independent variable Questions 6, 9, 13, and 16 on the survey. I wouldbe comfortable eating lunch with someone with HIV or AIDS. I would becomfortable shaking hands with someone who has AIDS. I am very well informedabout HIV, AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. I would not haveunprotected sex with someone unless they got tested first. Dependent Variable. Awareness and education of AIDS and sexually transmitted disease. OperationalDefinition Awareness and education of AIDS and sexually transmitted diseaseequals a total score of 12 or higher on questions 6, 9, 13, and 16 of thesurvey. Procedures A survey consisting of twenty statements concerning sexuallytransmitted disease and AIDS was given to fifty subjects. A t test was performedon the results as well as a comparison of male vs. Female scores on theAwareness and Education variable. Discussion Results of the survey have shown aneed for additional education of males concerning AIDS awareness and education. Females, (89%) did very well on the variable which was measured for satisfactoryknowledge and awareness of AIDS and sexually transmitted disease. Males, (65%)did also score well on this variable. This leaves us with 35% of the malesneeding more education and 11% of the females needing to increase thereawareness and education. The rather large number of males needing furthereducation tend to support my hypotheses that yes more education is necessary. Iwas pleased to see that on the whole, people are better informed than I hadoriginally hypothesized as demonstrated by the scores reported for specificquestion. The lowest score or strongest disagreement was on the statement thatAIDS was no longer a big issue. People also realize that just having one sexpartner at a time is not enough to protect you from AIDS as demonstrated bytheir response to number 10. The strongest agreement with statements on thesurvey concerned worrying about childrens future. This being the case, why isit that beha vior as is described in my research does not reflect this knowledge?People know what they need to do to reduce their chances of exposure to AIDS andsexually transmitted disease but they fail to do it. The research concentratedon students who are exposed to much more information about AIDS than adults whoare out of the educational system. Further education about the dangers ofunprotected sex is needed as the study suggest, but we also need to understandwhy education is not enough. We desperately need to develop behaviors which willprotect us from sexually transmitted disease and AIDS. Education Needed forAIDS, HIV and Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually transmitted diseases are amajor health concern for our country. With the spread of AIDS among so manypeople, both gay and heterosexual, it is important that we understand how thesediseases spread and what we can do to prevent them. Continuing efforts toeducate college students about the dangers of unprotected sex have resulted inli ttle evidence of positive change in sexual behavior (Saywer ; Moss, 93). During the 1980s, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the cause ofAIDS, emerged as a leading cause of death in the United.States). In 1993, HIVinfection became the most common cause of death among persons aged 25-44years.(Center for Disease Control) Because of the long latency period for HIV alarge number of these people may have become infected during the ages of 18 to24 the ages of most college students. One of the national health objectives forthe year 2000 for the college age population is a reduction in unintendedpregnancy and transmission of Sexually Transmitted Diseases, including and HIV/AIDS.. Studies have shown a need for educational interventions and futurein-depth studies of college students. An example is a study which showed that agroup of college males who had a history of sexually transmitted diseases, highnumbers of sexual partners and inconsistent condom use still perceived theirrisk of HIV/AIDS infection as very low.(Sawyer and Moss, 93). College students are thought to be at high risk for Sexually Transmitted Diseases because oftheir high level of sexual activity and their potential for multiple sexpartners Studies have shown that even students who consider themselves in longterm relationships often experience casual sex with another partner ( Sawyer andMoss,93 ). Multiple partners seem to be the norm rather than the exception. Sawyer and Moss (1993), reported that 21% of the men sampled have had 2 to 3sexual partners,33% 4 to 6 partners and 39% 7 or more sexual partners. Anotherstudy reported an average of 6 different lifetime partners among female collegestudents. ( Kusseling, Wenger and Shapiro 95 ) It becomes very obvious that withthis type of activity occurring, the need for protection from STD is veryimportant. The most obvious and easiest course of action would be for collegestudents to abstain from sex, have a monogamous relationship with someone who isnot infected, or reduce the risk of infection by using condoms, but this is nothappening as the following studies have shown. Nicholas D. Ritchie, PhD, andAdelaide Getty, RN, BHS, CHES (1994). Francoise S. Kusseling, MOB; Neil S. Ten Year War Cuba EssayThe survey is completely confidential as I will not ask for your name or studentID. Number. The purpose of this survey is to better understand the need for HIVand Sexually Transmitted Diseases education. If at any time you do not feelcomfortable responding to a statement you may skip it or decide to stop takingthe survey. If you decide to stop taking the survey and leave please take theunfinished survey with you to discard to assure your privacy. Each statement isresponded to by circling the most correct number under each statement. Youranswers are numbered from 1 through 4. Below is a chart explaining the ratingfor each answer. 1. Totally disagree or None of the time 2. Disagree somewhat orSometimes 3. Agree somewhat or Usually 4. Totally agree or All the time ConsentForm Date____________ I, _________________________, state that I am over 18years of age and that I voluntarily agree to participate in a research projectconducted by ______________ psychology st udent at ______. The research is beingconducted in order to better understand the need for HIV and SexuallyTransmitted Disease education. The specific task I will perform requires me tofill out a survey about my beliefs about HIV and sexually transmitted diseases,my chances of getting the HIV virus and my beliefs concerning condom use andsafe sex practices.. I will not be asked to identify myself in relation to thesurvey which I fill out. I acknowledge that ______________ has explained thetask to me fully; has informed me that I may withdraw from participation at anytime without prejudice or penalty; has offered to answer any questions I mighthave concerning the research procedure; has assured me that any information thatI give will be used for research purposes only and will be kept confidential. Ialso acknowledge that the benefits derived from, or rewards given for, myparticipation have been fully explained to me-as well as alternative methods ifavailable, for earning these reward s-and that I have been promised, uponcompletion of the research task, a brief description of the role my specificperformance plays in this project. There will be no reimbursement for yourparticipation from me (_____________) or the school. _____________________________________________________ SIGNATURE OF RESEARCHER SIGNATURE OF PARTICIPANT__________________ Education Needed for AIDS, HIV and Sexually TransmittedDiseases Abstract Results of the survey have shown a need for additionaleducation of males concerning AIDS awareness and education. Females, (89%) didvery well on the variable which was measured for satisfactory knowledge andawareness of AIDS and sexually transmitted disease. Males, (65%) did also scorewell on this variable. This leaves us with 35% of the males needing moreeducation and 11% of the females needing to increase there awareness andeducation. The rather large number of males needing further education tend tosupport my hypotheses that yes more education is necessa ry. On the whole, peopleare better informed than had originally been hypothesized. Measures Survey Myage is___________ My sex is___________ My education level is______________ Checkone, I am single _________, married __________, divorced __________ I havechildren and their ages are 1-10 _____, 11-15______, 16-20_____, 21+ _____ 1. Aids is a lower income and gay problem, I dont need to worry. 2. I would nevergo out with someone who was HIV positive, or who had AIDS. 3. I worry about mychildrens future and them getting AIDS or other sexually transmitted diseases. 4. People now have fewer sex partners due to AIDS. 5. People use condoms morefrequently because of AIDS. 6. I would be comfortable eating lunch with someonewith HIV or AIDS. 7. People do not use condoms as much after they have beendrinking. 8. People know enough about AIDS and sexually transmitted diseases. 9. I would be comfortable shaking hands with someone who has AIDS. 10. As long asyou only have one sex partner you are safe. 11. I dont worry about sexuallytransmitted diseases. 12. I believe that our educational system has beeneffective in presenting AIDS related information to students. 13. I am very wellinformed about HIV, AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases. 14. We spendtoo much money on AIDS related research. It would be better spent on cancerresearch which is more important. 15. I do not think HIV and AIDS is such a bigproblem anymore. 16. I would not have unprotected sex with someone unless theygot tested first. 17. People are more likely to become sexually involved if theyhave been drinking. 18. I would feel comfortable discussing condom use with apotential sexual partner before ever having any sexual contact. 19. Most singlepeople usually have had a few drinks before they have sex. 20. People who getHIV and AIDS kind of deserve it for being stupid1-2-34 Circle 1 for to tally disagree 2for somewhat disagree 3 for somewhat agree 4 totally agreeBibliographyNicholas D. Ritchie, PhD, and Adelaide Getty, RN, BHS, CHES (1994). Did anAIDS peer education program change first-year college students behaviors? Thejournal of American college Health , January vol 42, 163-166 Dona Schneider,PhD, MPH; Micheal R. Greenberg, PhD; Monica Devanas, PhD; Anu Sajja, MPH; FernGoodhart, CHES; and David Burns, AM (1994). Evaluating HIV/AIDS Education in theUniversity Setting. Journal of American College Health, vol 43, 11-15. JamesJaccard, PhD; Ruth Andrea Levinson, PhD; and Luann Beamer, MA. (1994). StudentOpinion Leaders and HIV/AIDS Knowledge and Risk Behavior. Journal of AmericanCollege Health, 1995, vol 43, (5) March, p 216- 223 Barbara A De Buono,M.D.,M.P.H., Stephen H Zinner, M.D., Maxim Daamen, M.D., and William M. McCormack,M.D. (1989). Sexual behavior of college women in 1975, 1986, and 1989. NewEngland Journal of Medicine, 1990 vol 322 (12), March. P 821-825 Rob in GSawyer,Phd, and Donald J. Moss, MD. (1993). Sexually transmitted diseases incollege men: A preliminary clinical investigation. Journal of American CollegeHealth 1993, vol 42 (3) November, p111-115 Anita Raj, M.S., and Robert HPollack, PhD., (1995). Factors predicting High-Risk sexual behavior inhetrosexual college females. Journal of sex and marital Therapy, Vol. 21, No.3,Fall, 213-223 Francoise S. Kusseling, MOB; Neil S. Wenger, MD, MPH; and MartinF. Shapiro, MD, PhD. (1995). Inconsistent Contraceptive Use Among Female CollegeStudents: Implications for Intervention. Vol 43,march191-194 Tina M. Brien,MSEd;Dennis L. Thombs, PhD; Colleen A. Mahoney,PhD; and Larry Wallnau, PhD. Dimensions of Self-Efficacy Among Three Distinct Groups of Condom Users. Journalof American College Health Vol 42 January Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 1996 Vol. 45, No. 6 February 16Philip W Meilman PhD. Alcohol Induced Sexual Behavior on Campus. Journal ofAmerican College Health. Vol 42, (1) July 1993 p 27-31

Whispered College Essay Samples for Nursing Secrets

Whispered College Essay Samples for Nursing Secrets The New Fuss About College Essay Samples for Nursing Nursing profession is just one of the most renowned professions worldwide as they serve an important part to conserve the lives of people together with the doctors of earth. The Importance Of Nursing Service Nursing service is among the most crucial elements of hospital services. Nursing is among the toughest disciplines out there. Nursing is viewed as a crucial career as one makes the decision to take care of peoples lives and share various beliefs and values. Writing an excellent nursing school essay is extremely important to getting your application considered and accepted. Nursing Program Essay SamplesThe urge in order to be effective leader demands you to be a very good manager. Nursing essay examples will be able to help you to understand how to compose a very good thesis statement. Our nursing scholarship essay examples can increase the odds of your admission to a nursing program. Today, most college students find it difficult to compose an essay on a particular topic. Our passionate writers are prepared to share their expertise and nursing expertise alongside you. Our professional nursing essay writers will be able to help you grow the confidence you want to deal with such tasks without difficulty. Choose top U.S. writers to aid you with your nursing papers. Nursing is thought to be perfect if it's learned and practiced professionally. Regardless of what genre you would like Business Studies, Microeconomics, Business Management and Financial Accounting, we're here to serve your needs. Key Pieces of College Essay Samples for Nursing On the flip side, a fantastic essay or private statement will let you stand out and boost your opportunity of getting admitted, even if other components of your application aren't stellar. There are lots of things to consider and most importantly, is the dependability of the service you decide to use. With the aging population issue being currently among the most significant for the children that are searching for a proper nursing home for their parents or relatives, it's becoming a crucial question in their opinion. Communicate that you're a proactive, can-do type of person. The Nuiances of College Essay Samples for Nursing When you plan your essay and jot down the points you're likely to talk about i n your draft, you are going to have lot of points to discuss. It's therefore imperative you make certain that you thoroughly plan it well and earn a draft (rough work) of the things which you're going to be discussing before you transfer the draft into the primary work. The conclusion can be composed of a couple of sentences. Your conclusion does not need to have to be complex or extraordinary. Who knew essay writing might be so tough. So in case you have an essay assigned that you require help with, you can purchase essay online cheap from us. An essay ought to be a personal story, but if it is going to include a personal experience of something in which you aren't expert, it is vital to investigate and find accurate info. It is possible to also receive any nurse essay example which you have to elevate your writing. If you're asking for a BSN program your written statement may be known as a personal statement rather than an essay. If you're a possible graduate student, you may want to consider about such issues when writing your own personal statement or application essay. Highlight the things you want to put in your essay, summarize your private story and incorporate your qualifications. For instance, if you're writing an essay on How Global Warming can be decreased, it's going to be a great idea which you take a minute to define what global warming is about in your introductory paragraph.

Sample Short Essay Topics

Sample Short Essay TopicsHere are a few tips for you to write a short sample essay on a wide range of topics. There are a number of types of essays that can be written. This is why it is helpful to know that there are some sample types of essays that can be written.One of the sample types of essays that can be written is the essay on topics that are of general interest. An example of this is an essay that include information about your favorite sport, but also something about current events in the world. This is something that can be used to help the student understand the world around them.Another idea for a sample short essay on topics of general interest is to write about a topic that is currently being discussed in the news. It is important that a student understand what is going on in the world and what is happening in their world at the moment. This will help them to better understand what is going on in the world and also help them understand what is going on in their own life .The next type of essay that can be written is one that can help students to understand current events. For example, if a student wants to write about something that is going on in their world today, they can choose to write about recent news. They can also choose to write about something that had happened in the past and the general political situation.One of the other tips for you to learn how to write a sample essay on topics that are not within a list of categories is to write about an issue that is already out there in the world. This means that a student can write about a current problem in the world or even in the United States. The only thing that a student needs to remember about writing about current issues is that they should not discuss anything that is new or something that is too controversial.One more tip for you to learn how to write a sample essay on topics that are not within a list of categories is to write about a topic that is currently in a list of categories. For example, if a student wants to write about something that is going on in the world, they can use an essay that can help to explain current issues that are currently going on. This includes things like the war in Iraq and how it is affecting the U.S. economy.Sample essays are a good way for a student to learn about writing a paper. It is also a good way for a student to learn about the world that they live in today. It is a good idea for a student to always read about current issues and how the world works before they start writing.Sample essays can be written on a wide range of topics. There are a number of different types of essay that can be written. These are just a few ideas for you to learn how to write a sample essay on topics that are not included within a list of categories.

Finding Good Topics For Research Papers For College

Finding Good Topics For Research Papers For CollegeFinding good topics for research papers for college is much harder than most people think. There are a few areas that you should consider when you start to write your papers.The first step is to find a good topic. You can't just randomly choose anything you want. Choose a topic that interests you, that you are passionate about, and that will provide a good research experience for you and your peers.Research papers for college are normally written to do a particular research task. Research topics should be ones that are similar to what you are researching, and not something unrelated to it.Some examples of questions that can be asked in specific research tasks are: What is your history with the subject, what are your interests in it, and what other researchers have written about it? This is an important step when you are writing your paper.After you have found a good research topic, you need to write your paper. There are a few tips f or writing good research papers for college, but the most important thing is to make sure that your writing is well researched and it is not confusing.In addition to keeping your research papers for college well researched, you also need to keep your topics for research papers for college simple. Don't try to get into a lot of detail. Keep it to one to two paragraphs and move on to another topic.As you can see, finding good topics for research papers for college is really not that hard. Just use the tips listed above and start writing your papers.

Sample Essay on the Rebounding Effect on Elderly - What You Should Know

Sample Essay on the Rebounding Effect on Elderly - What You Should KnowThe Sample Essay on the Rebounding Effect on Elderly, by Jane L. Byers, can prove to be of immense help to students at a college level. This type of literature is good for college students to read to get an idea about the age discrimination that some people in older age groups suffer and also some of the problems that they may face because of it.It is actually easy to understand how and why some seniors suffer from age discrimination. After all, not everyone is born at a specific age. Sometimes, people who start living a long life may be older than their chronological age.Ageism and discrimination can affect even the face and voice. Age discrimination is also known as ageism and can affect more than just our appearance. There are many other factors that can influence how seniors think and how we talk to them.Some older students at a college level were made to feel that they should never be talked to because they w ere too old or they had become too old-looking. Other students who were over 50 were actually made to feel that they were not physically or mentally capable of handling the burden of college life. All these issues have been discussed and debated about. Now that it is out in the open, it is time for us to understand them and do something about it.The Sample Essay on the Rebounding Effect on Elderly is meant for college students and not only for them. For those who are seriously contemplating college, knowing the basic reasons why senior citizens suffer from age discrimination will definitely help. By knowing the reasons why senior citizens suffer, you will also know what your best course of action is going to be when facing any kind of senior citizen discrimination.One of the major reasons that senior citizens suffer from discrimination is because most of them are unable to drive properly. Many of them find it impossible to drive because of some health problem. When the medical pract itioner diagnoses them as being unable to drive, they are generally treated with more prejudice.Another problem that senior citizens face is that they feel less intelligent than those who are younger. Many seniors feel that they can't understand students at the college level and they feel they are not in a position to help them. If they are not able to understand or help the students, they are likely to suffer from social isolation and have even fewer opportunities for educational advancement.So, the Sample Essay on the Rebounding Effect on Elderly can certainly prove to be of great assistance to students who are seriously considering attending college. Even if they are already old, this kind of literature can still be of use to them. By applying the concepts in this kind of literature, you will certainly help seniors gain the benefits that they deserve.

Maple leaf foods free essay sample

Maple leaf foods is one of the leaders in the consumer packaged food industry. Their operations span across Canada, the United States, United Kingdom, Asia, and Mexico. A few brands they produce are Schneider’sâ„ ¢, and Dempster’sâ„ ¢ which are known worldwide. The company was created in 1961 and the origins can be traced back to Grantham Mills in 1863. There are three groups Maple leaf operates in, Meat Products Group, Bakery Products Group, and Agribusiness Products Group. The first two groups are self-explanatory but the Agribusiness Products Group deals with recycling animal by-products into animal feed, amino acids, supplements, and biofuel . Introduction We are going to look at how Maple leaf dealt with the Listeria outbreak in the package meat products group, how they dealt with the legal issues and how they interacted with the public perception of their company. The focus will be mainly on the nonmarket environment but we will briefly dive into Maple leaf’s market environments as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Maple leaf foods or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Fours I’s Issue The summer of 2008, reports that Listeria was found in numerous products and Maple Leaf’s products are being recalled. Not only have the products tested positive for Listeria but multiple deaths have been directly linked to Maple leafs products . This brings about two issues we need to address. The first issue is a public perception of Maple leaf and how this Listeria outbreak changed public opinion on the company. The second issue will be in the legal sector, from patrons that purchased Maple leaf meat products and became ill or passed on. Consumers are becoming hyper aware about the safety of their food and any time a company has a misstep like Maple leaf they are going to be negative consequences. Intuition To see how far spread the issue has gone we will look at the institutions that are involved from Maple leafs Listeria outbreak. The media covered the issue with their own viewpoint and brought the issue to the public. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency and the Public Health Agency of Canada were directly involved in confirming the presence of the listerosis bacteria . Any wholesaler or grocery store will have to track down Maple leaf products and send them back. The suppliers to the Maple leaf plants would have to wait until the meat packing plants were up and running again. Direct buyers of Maple leaf products such as hospitals and nursing homes have a tough time dealing with the issue. The publics sentiment of Maple leaf and how to handle this issue also can be considered an institution. Canadas federal government was also affected with the idea of amending the food and drugs act. Interest Groups The interest groups that were involved were as follows; trial lawyers, taxpayers, citizens that were directly affected by the Listeria outbreak, consumers of Maple leaf products and other producers in Maple leafs industry. The trial, lawyers, taxpayers, citizens and consumers were directly affected by the Listeria outbreak. The other producers in Maple leaf’s industry were indirectly affected because stigma brought in by this issue. Information Over 220 products were recalled by Maple leaf and it is estimated that the recall will cost Maple leaf $20 million Hundreds of people had fallen ill from the contaminated products and 23 people had died from Listeria related illness. In January 2009 a $27 million settlement was negotiated to pay to the victims and families of those affected by the Listeria outbreak. After heavy testing of Maple leaf’s products 30, out of a possible 841 product samples tested positive for Listeria. The food and drugs act was looked considered to be amended so that sodium acetate could be added as a preservative in the production of these foods . Sodium acetate would greatly decrease the chance of Listeria from being present in ready-to-eat meats. We define this issue as a moral hazard which creates almost 100% liability by Maple leaf to rectify this problem and to compensate those involved. Since this incident ranked high in intrinsic audience interest and had intensive coverage the story made it across the nation and the world. Market Maple leaf’s market environment is pretty standard for a company that sells consumer packaged food. They sell their product on a global scale and use mass media such as TV commercials and online ads to market their product . They are a publicly traded company and their success comes from the quality of their food and their innovative distribution channels. The company is not afraid of acquiring existing establishments to grow its product lines. In 1992, Maple leaf foods buys at 40% stake in McGavin foods which was a producer of bread and rolls for major grocery chains. There seems to be growing pattern of Maple leaf wanting to expand its company. They proposed building the 385,000 ft.? bakery and 402,000 ft.? meat processing plant in Hamilton Ontario. It is clear that the company is a driving force in the global market and shows no sign of slowing down. When it came for Maple leaf to respond to the issue, they were very quick to act and addressed the issue right away. They almost had a similar incident in 2009 where they voluntarily recalled 26,000 hot dogs that had might have been contaminated (Maple Leaf Recall, 2009). This shows how quick to act the company has become to protect its customers. Non Market Since Maple leaf has become such a large organization they have the ability to give back to the community. They sponsor hundreds of events across numerous communities advocating and helping hunger issues. Even before the incident in 2008 Maple leaf was trying to bring about innovation in the field. In 2004, Maple leaf began tracing the DNA from the package meat products from the farm to your plate. This initiative was to prevent enormous political and economic risk if one of their products were to cause problems within or outside Canada. They also called for other meatpacking plants to do the same and which would bring about a high level of safety in industryTo further build on this idea in 2006 Maple leaf brought about their â€Å"40 steps to food safety† program. These 40 steps were meant to exceed government regulation and bring about transparency and traceability of their products. Since anything related to the food industry rates high in societal significance it only makes sense for Maple leaf to continue with this pattern. Integrated strategy The two practices Maple leaf uses to integrate the market and nonmarket activities are promoting the high quality of their goods mixed with promoting their high safety standards. These two areas work well together in promoting a strong brand image and to stay in the right side of public sentiment. They also tie in their practices of supporting communities who need help with hunger issues with in the major markets where they distribute their products. It is a smart move since, they are branching out globally and communities not only want to bring them in for the high quality products but also to help the less fortunate in their communities. You can also tie in Maple leaf’s quest for high safety standards directly from the nonmarket environment to the market environment by their actions to try to change the whole industry and their interactions in the regulatory field to change laws to increase safety. This shows leadership in the industry and makes Maple leaf look very proactive in the public eye. Repositioning From an overall standpoint, Maple leaf has been quite present in the nonmarket environment and their position on their integrated strategy seems to be an effective method. That doesnt mean they are perfect. There are some areas that they can improve on. Their focus on creating innovative safety practices is good, but their application in the nonmarket environment could be improved upon. Instead of just targeting the whole industry and the safety practices they should focus a little more on consumer level food safety. They should partner with more schools to help improve education in food safety and also improve the food preparation facilities within the schools. Their targeting of safety at home seems to be a little too broad and could see more focus. The work they do on improving the safety of their industry also needs to be made more public and their successes should be showcased. It took too much digging to find information on Maple leaf’s actions on improving safety within the industry. Their involvement with the regulatory bodies within Canada should be increased and they should also be more active in other countries laws of other countries in regards to food safety in their industry. Conclusion Maple leaf response to the listeria outbreak was done in a timely fashion and was dealt with appropriately. They admitted their liability and compensated the appropriate parties. They not only talked about their own faults but shifted some of the focus to the industry as a whole to limit less attention to them directly. Their nonmarket strategy was handled somewhat effectively by being proactive before and after the incident. When it came to product safety. The innovative work they did recommend to the industry should have been celebrated and should of have been made more public . Their work with helping communities around the world with hunger problems is an effective strategy but more promotion is needed. As stated before, direct interaction in schools promoting food safety would be, more effective means of positioning in the nonmarket environment. An incident like this most likely would have ruined some companies, but the effective response by Maple leaf allowed them to recover and slowly become a global leader in their industry.